94 94 Parasites are a common problem in laying hens. Internal parasites which are easily ingested not only damage the intestinal tract but will affect the absorption of nutrients from the feed, both can lead to a variety of issues: poor body weight gain and uniformity increased susceptibility to challenges loss of production reduced egg quality cannibalism and mortality PARASITES MOST COMMON WORM INFESTATIONS Roundworm Ascaridia galli the most common adults are easy to see white-yellow in colour about 5 – 11 cm long often found in the small intestine Cecal worm Heterakis gallinarum small, white, hard to see located in the ceca earthworms as a vector can carry Histomonas meleagridis which can lead to blackhead disease Tapeworm Raillietina spp. segmented, ribbon-shaped 1–1.5 cm or longer intermediate hosts (e.g. beetles) are required to complete life cycle MONITORING AND TREATMENT � Worm eggs are often found in litter, soil and faeces. � Routine monitoring should be undertaken either via worm egg counts or post-mortem examination. � To manage worm infestations effectively, you should not only treat the birds on regular bases, but ensure cleanliness, disinfection, and adequate husbandry. A regular deworming can also help to manage other parasites like Histomonas meleagridis. LOHMANN › MANAGEMENT GUIDE › HEALTH
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