{"id":52375,"date":"2020-08-27T16:34:46","date_gmt":"2020-08-27T14:34:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lohmann-breeders.com\/improving-bone-strength-in-poultry\/"},"modified":"2020-08-27T16:34:46","modified_gmt":"2020-08-27T14:34:46","slug":"improving-bone-strength-in-poultry","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lohmann-breeders.com\/zh-hans\/improving-bone-strength-in-poultry\/","title":{"rendered":"Improving bone strength in poultry"},"content":{"rendered":"
Eggs are a source of highly digestible protein that have done much to improve world nutrition. To enhance the\r\nsustainability of production there are persistent demands to increase egg quality and the length of time in lay.\r\nHowever, a longer period of egg production can come with correlated problems of bone quality<\/blockquote>

\r\n\r\n\r\nBones come in a variety of shapes and sizes and have a\r\ncomplex internal and external structure. The hard outer\r\nlayer of bones is composed of cortical bone, also called\r\ncompact bone. Filling the interior of the bone is the cancellous\r\nbone, also known as trabecular or spongy bone tissue. It has a\r\nmore open structure and its spaces are filled with bone marrow\r\nand, in the case of laying hens, a form of bone called medullary\r\nbone. The cortical and cancellous bone types are the key components that give the skeleton its strength.

\r\n

Osteoporosis<\/H2>\r\nThe medullary bone acts as a special form of calcium storage.\r\nThis special bone is absorbed and laid down rapidly with the daily\r\ncycle of shell formation. The cells which form bone are known as\r\nosteoblasts. when hens are laying eggs, these cells are almost exclusively active in forming medullary bone.

\r\n\r\nThere are also bone absorbing cells which are known as osteoclasts. They reabsorb the medullary bone to form the shell and\r\nthey reabsorb the cortical and cancellous bone. This results in a\r\ngradual weakening of the skeleton over the lifetime of the hen. As\r\nin humans, this is known as osteoporosis and it can increase the\r\nchances of bone breakage.

\r\n

Keel damage<\/H2>\r\nAlternative housing systems can make the problem worse with\r\nincreases in breakage and keel bone deformities. This is caused by\r\nthe increased opportunity for damage due to collisions, etcetera. Keel damage has been identified as a particular problem, with\r\nincidences of keel damage in commercial flocks varying from 20\r\nto 80%. As the demand for economical food is unlikely to reduce,\r\nsolutions to improve bone health are required if the welfare of the\r\nlaying hen is not to be compromised.

\r\n

Improving bone strength<\/H2>\r\n\u201cOur research with LOHMANN TIERZUCHT<\/strong> has focused on developing approaches to improve bone strength\u201d, says Heather McCormack. \u201cAs a consequence the welfare of the laying hen will also\r\nimprove whilst maintaining egg production.\u201d The research team\r\nused a programme of retrospective selection over nine generations. \u201cwe produced hens with a two-fold difference in tibiotarsal\r\nbreaking strength. we demonstrated that bone characteristics\r\ncan be improved by selection and that there is the genetic potential within commercial pure lines to both lay a high number of\r\neggs and have good bone quality at the end of lay.\u201d Most importantly, this improvement in bone strength was accompanied by a\r\nreduction in the incidence of fractures.

\r\n

Genes<\/H2>\r\nThe next task was to identify the Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL).\r\nThese are regions of DNA which contain or are linked to genes\r\nthat underlie the bone quality traits. A large QTL was identified on chromosome 1 for component traits. Tibiotarsal breaking strength\r\nfor instance. \u201cwe were confident that selection with markers in\r\nthis region would improve bone strength\u201d, McCormack says. \u201cAs\r\nthe revolution in genetics advanced, we were able to complete\r\nhigh density genotyping of this region of the genome in a recent\r\ngeneration of a white leghorn line. This produced DNA markers\r\nwhich were highly associated with tibiotarsal breaking strength.\r\nThey linked to about a ten percent increase in strength and density of the structural bone.\u201d so the application of markers has the\r\nability to improve bone strength and improve the welfare of laying\r\nhens when applied in a breeding programme. This investment in\r\nresearch over the last twenty years has now put us in a position to\r\nmake an impact on bone strength and hen welfare.\u201d

\r\n\r\n

New project<\/H2>\r\nThe team is about to start a new project funded through the\r\nANIHwA programme of the european Union. McCormack: \u201cOver\r\nthe next three years we will develop and validate a number of\r\ncomplimentary approaches to improve bone quality.\u201d

\r\n1) A study will be carried out, using large genotyping arrays which\r\nare now available. This will be done to identify further genetic\r\nmarkers for bone quality. All these markers will be validated in\r\nother genetic lines of laying hens for use in selection.

\r\n2) Using another tool of the revolution in genetics called \u2018nextgeneration sequencing\u2019 the research team has identified a novel \r\n\r\n

\r\n\r\n\r\n\"\"\r\n\r\n\r\n

\r\n\r\n\r\n\"\"\r\n\r\n\r\n

\r\ngene. \u201cwe believe this gene may be responsible for some of the\r\ndifferences in bone strength\u201d, says McCormack. \u201cThis in turn has\r\nled to the identification of metabolic marker. we believe this marker can also predict variance in bone quality. Measurement of this\r\nmetabolite early in life could predict bone quality at the end of lay.\u201d

\r\n\r\n3) Finally, ultrasound has been successful in determining bone\r\nquality in humans. The team\u2019s initial studies with chicken\u2019s toes demonstrated good genetic correlation with bone strength. Technology has advanced since these studies. It will now utilise so called\r\n\u2018axial transmission\u2019 in the surface of cortical bone. This will allow\r\nthe keel and the long bones to be analysed.

\r\n

Constant remodeling<\/H2>\r\nThe ability to measure bone quality in living hens will create a big\r\nadvantage in improving bone health.

\r\n\u201cwe will discover and test new ways of selecting hens to improve\r\nbone quality. Plus, we will learn more about the biology of bone\r\nformation of avian bone and the factors which influence it. Bone\r\nis a living tissue that is constantly being replaced and reshaped,\r\nfollowing injuries such as fractures and micro-damage (which occurs during normal activity)\u201d, McCormack explains. \u201cBone tissue\r\nis constantly being remodeled. This is a lifelong process where\r\nmature bone is removed from the skeleton and new bone is\r\nformed. \u201d These processes produce characteristic changes in the\r\ncomposition of the bone. The team will use sophisticated analytical techniques such as Infrared spectrometry, Optical emission\r\nspectroscopy and 2D X-ray Diffraction, to further inform us about\r\nthe ultrastructure and composition of the bone.

\r\n

Practical solution<\/H2>\r\n\u201cBy using several approaches we want to deliver a practical solution to breeders that will realise the genetic potential of laying\r\nhens with better bone\u201d, McCormack states. \u201cwe expect to demonstrate that combinations of genetic markers can explain suf\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\"\"

Computed tomography of bone showing medullary bone in green<\/em>\r\n\r\n\"\"\r\n

\r\n\r\nficient variance in bone quality to be used in selection. And that\r\nthe markers work in several lines of chicken. we also expect that\r\nthe new non-destructive measurement of bone property phenotypes will have sufficient correlation with traditional but destructive measures of bone quality for it to be used predictively in selection. Finally, we will also be able to further our understanding\r\nof avian osteoporosis and lay the foundation for future advances.\u201d

\r\n\r\n\"\"
\r\nTibitorsal breaking strength (N)<\/em>

\r\n\r\nIan C. Dunn, Heather McCormack and Bob Fleming, The Roslin\r\nInstitute and RDS(V)S, University of Edinburgh, Scotland, U.K., Dirk\r\nJan DeKoning, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Sweden\r\nand Alejandro Rodriguez-Navarro, University of Granada, Spain.<\/em>\r\n

\"\"

\r\n\r\n\"\"\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Eggs are a source of highly digestible protein that hav […]","protected":false},"author":15,"featured_media":52377,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[2335],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-52375","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-poultry-news-zh-hans","issue-2-2015-zh-hans","yeararchive-2015-zh-hans"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"Improving bone strength in poultry - Lohmann Breeders<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/lohmann-breeders.com\/zh-hans\/improving-bone-strength-in-poultry\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"zh_CN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Improving bone strength in poultry - Lohmann Breeders\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Eggs are a source of highly digestible protein that hav […]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/lohmann-breeders.com\/zh-hans\/improving-bone-strength-in-poultry\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Lohmann Breeders\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2020-08-27T14:34:46+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/lohmann-breeders.com\/media\/2020\/08\/pic53.jpg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"lohmann\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u4f5c\u8005\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"lohmann\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"\u9884\u8ba1\u9605\u8bfb\u65f6\u95f4\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"6 \u5206\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/lohmann-breeders.com\/zh-hans\/improving-bone-strength-in-poultry\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/lohmann-breeders.com\/zh-hans\/improving-bone-strength-in-poultry\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"lohmann\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/lohmann-breeders.com\/zh-hans\/#\/schema\/person\/a9b35526c0a70125f8062e3972074f0a\"},\"headline\":\"Improving bone strength in poultry\",\"datePublished\":\"2020-08-27T14:34:46+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/lohmann-breeders.com\/zh-hans\/improving-bone-strength-in-poultry\/\"},\"wordCount\":1151,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/lohmann-breeders.com\/zh-hans\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/lohmann-breeders.com\/zh-hans\/improving-bone-strength-in-poultry\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/lohmann-breeders.com\/media\/2020\/08\/pic60.jpg\",\"articleSection\":[\"Poultry News\"],\"inLanguage\":\"zh-Hans\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/lohmann-breeders.com\/zh-hans\/improving-bone-strength-in-poultry\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/lohmann-breeders.com\/zh-hans\/improving-bone-strength-in-poultry\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/lohmann-breeders.com\/zh-hans\/improving-bone-strength-in-poultry\/\",\"name\":\"Improving bone strength in poultry - Lohmann Breeders\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/lohmann-breeders.com\/zh-hans\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/lohmann-breeders.com\/zh-hans\/improving-bone-strength-in-poultry\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/lohmann-breeders.com\/zh-hans\/improving-bone-strength-in-poultry\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/lohmann-breeders.com\/media\/2020\/08\/pic60.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2020-08-27T14:34:46+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/lohmann-breeders.com\/zh-hans\/improving-bone-strength-in-poultry\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"zh-Hans\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/lohmann-breeders.com\/zh-hans\/improving-bone-strength-in-poultry\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"zh-Hans\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/lohmann-breeders.com\/zh-hans\/improving-bone-strength-in-poultry\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/lohmann-breeders.com\/media\/2020\/08\/pic60.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/lohmann-breeders.com\/media\/2020\/08\/pic60.jpg\",\"width\":800,\"height\":800},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/lohmann-breeders.com\/zh-hans\/improving-bone-strength-in-poultry\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"\u9996\u9875\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/lohmann-breeders.com\/zh-hans\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Improving bone strength in poultry\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/lohmann-breeders.com\/zh-hans\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/lohmann-breeders.com\/zh-hans\/\",\"name\":\"Lohmann Breeders\",\"description\":\"\u8fc7\u53bb \u2013 \u73b0\u5728 \u2013 \u672a\u6765\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/lohmann-breeders.com\/zh-hans\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/lohmann-breeders.com\/zh-hans\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"zh-Hans\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/lohmann-breeders.com\/zh-hans\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Lohmann Breeders\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/lohmann-breeders.com\/zh-hans\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"zh-Hans\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/lohmann-breeders.com\/zh-hans\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/lohmann-breeders.com\/media\/2020\/07\/LOHMANN-Technical-Service-Team-0.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/lohmann-breeders.com\/media\/2020\/07\/LOHMANN-Technical-Service-Team-0.jpg\",\"width\":800,\"height\":800,\"caption\":\"Lohmann Breeders\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/lohmann-breeders.com\/zh-hans\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\"}},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/lohmann-breeders.com\/zh-hans\/#\/schema\/person\/a9b35526c0a70125f8062e3972074f0a\",\"name\":\"lohmann\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/lohmann-breeders.com\/zh-hans\/author\/lohmann\/\"}]}<\/script>","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Improving bone strength in poultry - Lohmann Breeders","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/lohmann-breeders.com\/zh-hans\/improving-bone-strength-in-poultry\/","og_locale":"zh_CN","og_type":"article","og_title":"Improving bone strength in poultry - Lohmann Breeders","og_description":"Eggs are a source of highly digestible protein that hav […]","og_url":"https:\/\/lohmann-breeders.com\/zh-hans\/improving-bone-strength-in-poultry\/","og_site_name":"Lohmann Breeders","article_published_time":"2020-08-27T14:34:46+00:00","og_image":[{"url":"https:\/\/lohmann-breeders.com\/media\/2020\/08\/pic53.jpg","type":"","width":"","height":""}],"author":"lohmann","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"\u4f5c\u8005":"lohmann","\u9884\u8ba1\u9605\u8bfb\u65f6\u95f4":"6 \u5206"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/lohmann-breeders.com\/zh-hans\/improving-bone-strength-in-poultry\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/lohmann-breeders.com\/zh-hans\/improving-bone-strength-in-poultry\/"},"author":{"name":"lohmann","@id":"https:\/\/lohmann-breeders.com\/zh-hans\/#\/schema\/person\/a9b35526c0a70125f8062e3972074f0a"},"headline":"Improving bone strength in poultry","datePublished":"2020-08-27T14:34:46+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/lohmann-breeders.com\/zh-hans\/improving-bone-strength-in-poultry\/"},"wordCount":1151,"commentCount":0,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/lohmann-breeders.com\/zh-hans\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/lohmann-breeders.com\/zh-hans\/improving-bone-strength-in-poultry\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/lohmann-breeders.com\/media\/2020\/08\/pic60.jpg","articleSection":["Poultry News"],"inLanguage":"zh-Hans","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https:\/\/lohmann-breeders.com\/zh-hans\/improving-bone-strength-in-poultry\/#respond"]}]},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/lohmann-breeders.com\/zh-hans\/improving-bone-strength-in-poultry\/","url":"https:\/\/lohmann-breeders.com\/zh-hans\/improving-bone-strength-in-poultry\/","name":"Improving bone strength in poultry - Lohmann Breeders","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/lohmann-breeders.com\/zh-hans\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/lohmann-breeders.com\/zh-hans\/improving-bone-strength-in-poultry\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/lohmann-breeders.com\/zh-hans\/improving-bone-strength-in-poultry\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/lohmann-breeders.com\/media\/2020\/08\/pic60.jpg","datePublished":"2020-08-27T14:34:46+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/lohmann-breeders.com\/zh-hans\/improving-bone-strength-in-poultry\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"zh-Hans","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/lohmann-breeders.com\/zh-hans\/improving-bone-strength-in-poultry\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"zh-Hans","@id":"https:\/\/lohmann-breeders.com\/zh-hans\/improving-bone-strength-in-poultry\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/lohmann-breeders.com\/media\/2020\/08\/pic60.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/lohmann-breeders.com\/media\/2020\/08\/pic60.jpg","width":800,"height":800},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/lohmann-breeders.com\/zh-hans\/improving-bone-strength-in-poultry\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"\u9996\u9875","item":"https:\/\/lohmann-breeders.com\/zh-hans\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Improving bone strength in poultry"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/lohmann-breeders.com\/zh-hans\/#website","url":"https:\/\/lohmann-breeders.com\/zh-hans\/","name":"Lohmann Breeders","description":"\u8fc7\u53bb \u2013 \u73b0\u5728 \u2013 \u672a\u6765","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/lohmann-breeders.com\/zh-hans\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/lohmann-breeders.com\/zh-hans\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"zh-Hans"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/lohmann-breeders.com\/zh-hans\/#organization","name":"Lohmann Breeders","url":"https:\/\/lohmann-breeders.com\/zh-hans\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"zh-Hans","@id":"https:\/\/lohmann-breeders.com\/zh-hans\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/lohmann-breeders.com\/media\/2020\/07\/LOHMANN-Technical-Service-Team-0.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/lohmann-breeders.com\/media\/2020\/07\/LOHMANN-Technical-Service-Team-0.jpg","width":800,"height":800,"caption":"Lohmann Breeders"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/lohmann-breeders.com\/zh-hans\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"}},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/lohmann-breeders.com\/zh-hans\/#\/schema\/person\/a9b35526c0a70125f8062e3972074f0a","name":"lohmann","url":"https:\/\/lohmann-breeders.com\/zh-hans\/author\/lohmann\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/lohmann-breeders.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/52375","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/lohmann-breeders.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/lohmann-breeders.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lohmann-breeders.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/15"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lohmann-breeders.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=52375"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/lohmann-breeders.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/52375\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lohmann-breeders.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/52377"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/lohmann-breeders.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=52375"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lohmann-breeders.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=52375"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lohmann-breeders.com\/zh-hans\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=52375"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}