{"id":52680,"date":"2020-08-24T13:37:50","date_gmt":"2020-08-24T11:37:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lohmann-breeders.com\/crude-fat-in-layer-nutrition\/"},"modified":"2020-08-24T13:37:50","modified_gmt":"2020-08-24T11:37:50","slug":"crude-fat-in-layer-nutrition","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lohmann-breeders.com\/zh-hans\/crude-fat-in-layer-nutrition\/","title":{"rendered":"Crude Fat in Layer Nutrition"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>Basic knowledge of fat <\/h2>\r\nFat has nearly 2.5 times more calories than carbohydrates. Fat provides roughly nine calories of energy per gram, while carbohydrates (from corn and other cereals) provide roughly only four. At\r\nroom temperature, saturated fats are solid in form while unsaturated fats are liquid. Examples of saturated fats used in poultry diets\r\ninclude tallow, lard, poultry fat, palm oil and so-called \u201cgreases\u201d.\r\nExamples of substances with high levels of unsaturated fats are\r\ncorn oil, soy bean oil, sunflower oil and rapeseed\/canola oil. Fats\r\nare composed of smaller compounds called fatty acids. Fatty acids\r\nare responsible for cell membrane integrity and hormone synthesis. Although there are many different fatty acids, poultry has a\r\nspecific requirement for one \u2013 linoleic acid (C 18:2) \u2013 so it must be\r\nincluded in the diet. Linoleic acid is considered an essential fatty\r\nacid because poultry cannot generate it from other nutrients. <br><br>\r\n\r\n<h2>Why fat in the diet? <\/h2>\r\nFat must be present in the poultry diet in order to absorb the fatsoluble vitamins A, D, E and K. In addition to its role in nutrition, fat\r\nis added to feed to reduce grain dust and to bind the fine particles\r\nin the feed (premix, amino acids and minerals) to the coarser particles.\r\nFat also improves the palatability of feed, especially in mash feed.\r\nIf there is a shortage of fat (fatty acids), the liver, which is the most\r\nimportant organ in the highly prolific layers of today, will have to\r\nprovide fat and fatty acids for the body metabolism. This is a big\r\nchallenge for the health of the liver, as the liver needs to provide\r\nfatty acids by lipogenesis \u2013 basically from carbohydrates. The digestion of protein and carbohydrates as basic sources of energy\r\ncauses a high level of metabolic heat (heat increment) in comparison to crude fat, which will ultimately reduce daily intake under\r\nheat stress circumstances. Therefore, replacing energy provided\r\nfrom carbohydrates with crude fat is a beneficial way of supporting the metabolism of layers in a heat stress situation.<br><br>\r\n<h2>Level of crude fat in diets<\/h2>\r\nA crude fat level of at least 5% in layer diets is highly recommended. To achieve this 5%, 2-3% of fat or oil has to be added, even\r\nto a corn\/soy diet. Higher levels of crude fat and added fat\/oil are\r\neven more beneficial. The maximum amount is defined more by\r\ntechnical reasons than by nutritional ones, as diets of up to 7.5% of\r\ncrude fat are excellent for layers. This has been proven in different\r\ncircumstances and climates all around the world. <br>\r\n\r\n<strong>Robert Pottgueter<\/strong>\r\n\r\n<br><br>\r\n<strong>Adding fat and oil to layer feed has at least five additional effects with increasing levels\r\nof crude fat and added fat\/oil: <\/strong><br><br>\r\n\r\n<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lohmann-breeders.com\/media\/2020\/08\/foto78.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"373\" class=\"imgcenter\" \/>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Basic knowledge of fat Fat has nearly 2.5 times more ca [&hellip;]","protected":false},"author":15,"featured_media":52681,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[2335],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-52680","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-poultry-news-zh-hans","issue-1-2017-zh-hans","yeararchive-2017-zh-hans"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<title>Crude Fat in Layer Nutrition - 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