{"id":52798,"date":"2020-07-29T12:59:09","date_gmt":"2020-07-29T10:59:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lohmann-breeders.com\/breeding-for-better-bones-genetic-influence-on-the-reduction-of-bone-fractures-in-layers\/"},"modified":"2022-03-04T17:40:05","modified_gmt":"2022-03-04T16:40:05","slug":"breeding-for-better-bones-genetic-influence-on-the-reduction-of-bone-fractures-in-layers","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lohmann-breeders.com\/zh-hans\/breeding-for-better-bones-genetic-influence-on-the-reduction-of-bone-fractures-in-layers\/","title":{"rendered":"BREEDING FOR BETTER BONES \u2013 GENETIC INFLUENCE ON THE REDUCTION OF BONE FRACTURES IN LAYERS"},"content":{"rendered":"<blockquote>The laying hen as a bird has some\r\nspecific differences compared to\r\nmammals. Besides the obvious characteristics\r\nof feathers and the ability to lay\r\neggs, a major difference is the totally different\r\nbone system. In addition to pneumatic\r\nbones for the reduction of bodyweight to\r\nenable flight, the bird has the peculiarity\r\nof a medullary bone system. The medullary\r\nbone system allows the bird to store calcium\r\nin the bones and mobilise the calcium\r\nlater for eggshell formation. <\/blockquote>\r\n<br><br>\r\n\r\nAs the age of\r\nthe hen increases, the capacity to store calcium\r\nin the medullary bone system declines.\r\nAs a result, calcium is increasingly resorbed\r\nfrom other bone tissues with a consequently\r\nhigher risk of bone fractures. <br>The main\r\ncause of bone fractures is impact within the\r\nhousing environment, but handling of the\r\nhens, especially at the time of depopulation,\r\ncan also repeatedly result in bone fractures.\r\nTaking the prolonged laying cycles of our\r\nhens into account, bone fractures in laying\r\nhens become an even more relevant topic.\r\nInfluences on the prevalence of fractures are\r\nseen in the husbandry system, bird management\r\nand nutrition but also in genetics.\r\n<br><br>\r\n\r\n<strong>Investigation by keel bone palpation<\/strong><br><br>\r\n\r\nThe influence of genetics and possible correlations\r\nof bone chan ges to performance\r\ntraits were examined more closely in a study.\r\nTwo different white pure lines of the LSL\r\nbreeding program were investigated twice,\r\nat 46 and 70 weeks of age, for bone changes.\r\nAt both ages, 5869 hens in total were\r\nexamined. The focus was on the keel bone\r\n(sternum) of the hen, which was examined\r\nusing the tactile procedure of keel bone palpation.<br><br>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<blockquote>For this palpation procedure, the hen\r\nwas fixed by the left hand by its wings, while\r\nthe thumb and forefinger of the right hand\r\nscanned the keel bone for changes. The keel\r\nbone evaluation was performed using a\r\nfour-score assessment scheme: 1- fracture,\r\n2- severe deformation, 3- slight deformation,\r\n4- unchanged keel bone. In summary,\r\nthe score 1 to 3 described an indication of\r\nthe keel bone while score 4 stands for an\r\nundamaged keel bone without indications.<\/blockquote>\r\n<br><br>\r\n\r\n\r\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lohmann-breeders.com\/media\/2020\/07\/BREEDING-FOR-BETTER-BONES-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"80%\" class=\"imgcenter\" \/>\r\n<br><br>\r\n\r\n<em><strong>Figure 1:<\/strong> Keel bone palpation assessment scores <\/em>\r\n<br><br><br><br>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<strong>Genetics has an influence on bone\r\nchanges<\/strong><br><br>\r\n\r\nThe palpation showed a clear result at\r\nboth ages examined in the study. At both\r\npalpation dates there was a much higher\r\nincidence of total indications in Line A\r\ncompared to Line B. In the first palpation\r\nat 46 weeks of age, 76.3% of the hens of\r\nLine A and only 14.3% of the hens of Line B\r\nhad a keel bone indication. In the second\r\npalpation at 70 weeks of age, 73.4% and\r\n15.8% of the hens respectively showaed\r\nkeel bone indications. <br><br>\r\n\r\n\r\n<blockquote>The strong phenotypic\r\ndifferences of the keel bone palpation\r\nbetween both lines are also shown\r\nin the estimated heritabilities. For Line\r\nA, a moderate heritability of h2 = 0.3 and\r\nfor Line B a lower heritability of h2 = 0.15\r\ncould be estimated. The genetic correlation\r\ndoes not show a link of keel bone\r\nchanges to relevant egg quality traits such\r\nas shell breaking strength (rg = -0.13 to\r\n+0.04) or egg weight (rg = -0.01 to +0.10).\r\nThe correlation described in literature between\r\nbody weight and bone quality traits could not be estimated (rg = -0.06 to -0.01).\r\nOnly a negative correlation to the early egg\r\nnumber was found (rg = -0.54 to -0.24).<\/blockquote>\r\n\r\n<br><br>\r\n\r\n\r\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lohmann-breeders.com\/media\/2020\/07\/BREEDING-FOR-BETTER-BONES-3.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"80%\" class=\"imgcenter\" \/>\r\n<br><br>\r\n\r\n<em><strong>Figure 2:<\/strong> Percentage of hens with and without keel bone indications at 46 and 70 weeks of age<\/em>\r\n<br><br><br><br>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<strong>Breeding for better keel bones at the\r\nexpense of early egg production<\/strong><br><br>\r\n\r\nThe results show significant differences\r\nbetween both tested lines. Low to moderate\r\nheritabilities clarify that breeding for the\r\nreduction of keel bone damages seems\r\nto be possible.<br><br>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<blockquote>The selection for a reduction of keel\r\nbone indication, however, will be accompanied\r\nby later sexual maturity and a reduced\r\nearly egg number. Egg quality traits,\r\nin particular shell breaking strength, are\r\nindicated to be not affected. Further studies\r\non alternative methods compared to\r\nthe subjective keel bone palpation will reveal\r\nnew possibilities and contribute to a\r\ngenetic improvement of the bone quality\r\nand reduction of bone fractures in layers.<\/blockquote>\r\n<br><br>\r\n\r\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lohmann-breeders.com\/media\/2020\/07\/BREEDING-FOR-BETTER-BONES-2.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"80%\" class=\"imgcenter\" \/>\r\n<br><br>\r\n\r\n<em><strong>Figure 3:<\/strong> Fractured layer keel bone at 72 weeks of age<\/em>\r\n<br><br><br><br>\r\n\r\n\r\n<strong>Bone fractures \u2013 a multifactorial\r\nproblem<\/strong><br><br>\r\n\r\nHowever, we have to take into account the\r\ncomplexity of the bone fracture problem.\r\nKeel bone changes and broken bones are\r\na multifactorial problem where breeding\r\ncan only contribute to its reduction. Other\r\nareas like nutrition, management and husbandry\r\nsystems have a significant influence\r\non the reduction of bone changes in\r\nlaying hens. A sustained reduction of bone\r\nfractures can only be achieved by improvement\r\nin all areas.<br><br>\r\n\r\n\r\n<em>Bj\u00f6rn Andersson<\/em><br><br>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"The laying hen as a bird has some specific differences  [&hellip;]","protected":false},"author":15,"featured_media":52800,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[2335],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-52798","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-poultry-news-zh-hans","issue-1-2018-zh-hans","yeararchive-2018-zh-hans","authors-bjorn-andersson-zh-hans"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<title>BREEDING FOR BETTER BONES \u2013 GENETIC INFLUENCE ON THE REDUCTION OF BONE FRACTURES IN LAYERS - Lohmann Breeders<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/lohmann-breeders.com\/zh-hans\/breeding-for-better-bones-genetic-influence-on-the-reduction-of-bone-fractures-in-layers\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"zh_CN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"BREEDING FOR BETTER BONES \u2013 GENETIC INFLUENCE ON THE REDUCTION OF BONE FRACTURES IN LAYERS - 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